How To Save Income Tax: 18 Legal & Smart Ways For FY 2025-26

Combine the right deductions, exemptions, and timing, and a salaried Indian earning even ₹20 lakh can legally file a nil-tax return for FY 2025-26. The 18 strategies that follow are lifted straight from the Finance Act 2025, so they work whether you stay with the old slabs or prefer the new default regime. Residents, senior citizens, and super-seniors will each find notes that keep every move 100 % compliant.

We’ll start with a crisp look at both regimes—slab rates, the bigger standard deduction, and the 87A rebate—then map the investment and expense actions that must be completed before 31 March 2026. Keep Form 16, rent receipts, insurance certificates, and your AIS console handy; you’ll need them to prove every claim. Each section packs a worked example, quick-math snippet, and “smart-tip” call-out so you can see the savings in seconds and act with confidence.

1. Choose the Right Tax Regime: Old vs. New

Picking the regime is the single biggest fork in your tax-saving road map. The old regime gives you the familiar buffet of exemptions + deductions, while the new default regime lures you with lower slab rates and far less paperwork. Run the math every year—salary hikes, changed rent, or a new home loan can flip the winner.

What Changed in Budget 2025?

Standard deduction of ₹50,000 is now available under both regimes.
New-regime slabs stay gentle up to ₹15 lakh, plus the full 87A rebate makes taxable income up to ₹7 lakh completely tax-free (tax = 0).
Old regime keeps the ₹5 lakh rebate zone and all legacy deductions, but surcharge on incomes ₹2 crore+ is capped at 25 % in both regimes, trimming the effective top rate.

Simple 3-Step Decision Framework

Estimate FY 2025-26 gross income (salary, bonus, interest, capital gains).
List deductions/exemptions you can actually prove—80C, 80D, HRA, home-loan interest, etc.
Plug numbers into a free calculator or your own spreadsheet and compare net tax.

Example

₹12 lakh salary: old regime tax ≈ ₹54,600 after full 80C + 80D; new regime tax ≈ ₹52,000.
₹20 lakh salary: old beats new only if you claim ≥ ₹3.5 lakh in deductions.

Smart Tips & Watch-outs

You can tell HR one regime now and switch while filing the return—just ensure enough TDS is paid.
Moving cities? Losing HRA can make the new regime cheaper overnight.
Freelancers with low fixed deductions generally benefit from the new slabs; debt-heavy homeowners rarely do.
Don’t forget Form 10-IEA while filing if you opt out of the new default.

2. Max Out Section 80C Deductions (₹1.5 Lakh Limit)

Section 80C is still the quickest answer to “how to save income tax” because it lets you shield up to ₹1.5 lakh of income with investments or mandatory expenses you probably make anyway. Whether you are on the old or new regime, the deduction works the same—just be sure the money leaves your bank on or before 31 March 2026.

Eligible Investments & Expenses

The menu is long, but the popular options—and their strings—are summarised below:

Instrument	Lock-in / Tenure	Risk & Return*	Liquidity Pointer
ELSS Mutual Fund	3 yrs	High risk, market-linked; historic CAGR 12–15 %	Redeem after 3 yrs, but STT + exit load may apply
PPF	15 yrs (partial exit after 5)	Sovereign-backed ~7.1 %	Loan/partial withdrawal allowed
EPF / VPF	Till retirement	8.1 % tax-free interest	Can withdraw for specific needs
5-yr Tax-Saving FD	5 yrs	Bank FD rate 6–7 % (interest taxable)	No premature break
NSC	5 yrs	Compounded 7.7 % (taxable)	Pledgable for loans
Life-Insurance Premium	Varies by policy	Risk cover + bonus	Surrender charges early on
Principal on Home Loan	As per amortisation	Housing + capital appreciation	Locked until refinance/sale
Children’s Tuition Fees	N/A	Expense, not investment	Needs paid receipts

*Rates as on August 2025.

How to Prioritize Within 80C

New investors: park the first ₹50k in ELSS to get equity exposure with the shortest lock-in.
Risk-averse or nearing retirement: load up on PPF/EPF; the government guarantee trumps raw return.
Already paying a home loan? Principal repayments eat a big chunk of the ₹1.5 lakh limit—plan other contributions accordingly.
Smart-tip: Aim for a 60 : 40 equity-debt mix to balance growth and stability.

Documentation & Timing

Submit proof to HR by the cut-off (usually January) to avoid excess TDS. Acceptable evidence includes account statements stamped by the bank/AMC, insurance premium receipts, and school fee invoices. Lump-sum PPF deposits and prepaid tuition count as long as the payment date falls within the financial year. Missed the employer deadline? Claim the deduction directly while filing the ITR—just keep the originals for six years.

3. Boost Retirement Corpus with NPS: Extra ₹50,000 Deduction (80CCD 1B)

Already squeezed the full ₹1.5 lakh under 80C? The National Pension System (NPS) opens one more door. Any citizen aged 18–70 can claim an additional ₹50,000 deduction under 80CCD (1B) irrespective of the chosen tax regime, effectively trimming up to ₹15,600 in tax (at the 30 % slab) for the year.

Think of it as a two-for-one deal: you slash taxable income today while building a disciplined retirement pot that beats long-term inflation.

Mechanics of the Additional Deduction

Deposit into your NPS Tier I account via employer payroll or direct online. The amount up to ₹50k sits outside the 80C ceiling, so the combined shelter can touch ₹2 lakh (1.5 lakh + 50k). Contributions enjoy EEE status—tax-free growth and 60 % tax-free lump-sum at exit.

Tier I vs. Tier II: What Counts for Tax Saving

Only Tier I deposits qualify. They’re locked until age 60, with partial withdrawal (25 % of own contribution) allowed for specific needs. Tier II works like a normal mutual fund account—zero tax benefit and free exit.

Strategy Corner

Unsure which funds to pick? The default Auto-Choice gradually cuts equity from 75 % at age 30 to 15 % by 60, suiting most people. Invest ₹4,000/month from age 30: assuming 9 % CAGR, the corpus grows to ~₹1 crore, and you save ₹15.6k in tax every single year—double win.

4. Leverage Employer Contributions to NPS (80CCD 2)

One of the cleanest answers to how to save income tax is to involve your employer. Their NPS contribution bypasses your payslip and lands straight in Tier I.

How the Deduction Works

Section 80CCD (2) lets employers put up to 10 % of Basic + DA (14 % for government staff). It’s fully deductible for them and tax-exempt for you, with no monetary cap.

Negotiating with HR

Request HR to swap part of special allowance or bonus for an employer-NPS line. CTC stays the same, while taxable salary drops.

Salary-Rejig Example

₹18 lakh CTC, basic 40 % = ₹7.2 lakh. Shifting 10 % basic (₹72k) to NPS trims tax by about ₹22.5k* and seeds retirement wealth.
*30 % slab + cess

The hack works under both regimes and sits over and above your personal 80C or 80CCD (1B) limits.

5. Claim HRA Smartly or Use Rent Deduction Under Section 80GG

House Rent Allowance (HRA) is usually the second-biggest lever—after Section 80C—when figuring out how to save income tax on a salary. Handled correctly, it can shrink your taxable income without any extra investment; handled sloppily, it invites TDS mismatch notices.

HRA Exemption Formula Explained

Compute each leg and claim the smallest:

Exempt HRA = MIN(
  Actual HRA received,
  50% of salary (metro) / 40% (non-metro),
  Rent paid – 10% of salary)

For the formula, “salary” means Basic + DA; include only months you actually paid rent.

Maximizing Benefit

Sign joint rental agreements with spouse / friends to split rent and avoid crossing the “rent – 10 %” hurdle.
Paying parents? Draft a rent deed, transfer money online, and quote the owner’s PAN if annual rent exceeds ₹1 lakh.
Shift unused special allowance into HRA during appraisal talks—zero extra cost to the employer, solid tax relief for you.

80GG for Self-Employed or Non-HRA Salaried

No HRA in your payslip? Claim deduction under Section 80GG: lowest of ₹5,000 per month, 25 % of total income, or rent – 10 % income. File Form 10BA online before the ITR to declare you, your spouse, or minor child don’t own residential property at the city of work.

6. Optimize Home Loan Benefits (Section 24(b) & 80EEA)

Buying a house on loan is more than a lifestyle milestone—it’s a built-in income-tax shelter that works in both regimes. Plan the loan amount, ownership pattern, and possession date right and the EMI you anyway pay can knock several lakhs off your taxable income every year.

Interest Deduction up to ₹2 Lakh (Self-Occupied) & Beyond

Section 24(b) lets you deduct interest paid on a housing loan:

Self-occupied property: cap of ₹2 lakh per FY once construction is complete.
Let-out or deemed-let-out: no monetary ceiling; claim the full interest, but overall house-property loss set-off is limited to ₹2 lakh, balance carried forward eight years.
Pre-construction interest? Total it, then spread equally over five years after possession.

Additional ₹1.5 Lakh for Affordable Housing (80EEA)

First-time buyers of homes with stamp-duty value ≤ ₹45 lakh can grab another ₹1.5 lakh deduction—over and above the ₹2 lakh—if the loan was sanctioned between 1 Apr 2019 and 31 Mar 2026. Claim continues till the loan is repaid; the property must remain your first residential unit.

Double Advantage Strategy

A ₹40 lakh loan @ 8 % for 20 years generates ~₹3.15 lakh interest in Year 1. Split deduction as: ₹2 lakh under 24(b) + ₹1.15 lakh under 80EEA. At the 30 % slab you save ₹94,500 tax that year, while the ₹40 lakh principal chip-away also counts under 80C. Synchronise EMIs so the year’s principal + other 80C investments sit just below the ₹1.5 lakh ceiling for maximum efficiency.

7. Save on Medical Costs with Health Insurance Premiums (Section 80D)

Medical emergencies hurt the wallet; Section 80D cushions both the bill and your tax. It’s a quick answer to how to save income tax legally. Your premium becomes an instant deduction.

Deduction Limits

Self + spouse + kids: up to ₹25,000 a year.
Parents: extra ₹25,000 (₹50,000 if any parent is 60+).
Preventive check-ups within the above limit, max ₹5,000, cash allowed.

Including Parents & Super-Top-Up Plans

Use a family-floater for yourself and a separate senior-citizen cover for parents; premiums sit inside the respective caps. Add a low-cost super-top-up to lift total cover—its premium also qualifies.

Smart Tip

Pay a two- or three-year premium in one go; spread the invoice evenly across years, locking today’s price and tomorrow’s deduction.

8. Deduct Interest on Education Loan (Section 80E)

Higher studies can be pricey, but the entire interest you pay on an education loan is deductible—no upper limit—making it one of the simplest answers to “how to save income tax” if you’re skilling up or financing a child’s degree.

Who Can Claim & For How Long

The borrower (parent or student) gets the deduction for eight consecutive assessment years starting with the year repayment begins. Pay sooner, save sooner—any interest paid after Year 8 loses the tax break.

Applicable Courses & Institutions

Covers full-time graduate, post-graduate, vocational, or professional programs in India or overseas, provided the loan comes from a scheduled bank, NBFC, or IDFC-notified institution—family borrowings don’t qualify.

Planning Advice

Use the moratorium to build an emergency fund, then begin EMI aggressively. Example: an MBA loan of ₹10 lakh at 9 % yields roughly ₹90,000 interest Year 1—claiming it trims tax by ₹27,900 (30 % slab) while you invest any principal-only prepayments elsewhere.

9. Reduce Tax via Donations (Section 80G)

Section 80G turns altruism into a tax break. Donate to an approved fund or NGO before 31 March 2026, pay using any non-cash mode, and the amount can slice directly off your taxable income (old or new regime). Remember, cash gifts above ₹2,000 fetch zero benefit.

100 % vs. 50 % Deduction & Qualifying Funds

100 % (no upper cap): Prime Minister’s National Relief Fund, National Defence Fund, PM CARES, Swachh Bharat Kosh, Clean Ganga Fund.
50 % (no upper cap): State relief funds, most nationally recognised NGOs.
50 % (subject to 10 % of adjusted GTI): Local charities, educational trusts, and temple renovation bodies.

Documentation

Collect a stamped receipt showing donor name, PAN, amount, and the charity’s 80G approval number. Donations eligible for 100 % deduction also need Form 58 issued by the fund. Keep UPI / cheque proof for AIS matching.

Avoiding Common Pitfalls

Don’t exceed the ₹2,000 cash ceiling.
Verify the trust’s 80G certificate validity on the Income-tax portal.
CSR or political donations fall under other sections—claim them separately.
Claim only in the year the payment leaves your bank; pledges don’t count.

10. Use 80DD & 80U for Disability-Related Deductions

Disability provisions are among the least-claimed yet most generous answers to how to save income tax.

Section 80DD applies when you maintain a dependent (spouse, child, parent, or sibling) with a certified disability.
Section 80U is for taxpayers who are themselves disabled.

Flat deductions, unrelated to actual spend:

₹75,000 for 40 %–79 % disability
₹1,25,000 for 80 % or more (severe disability)

Submit Form 10-IA from a government medical board; reassessment is typically every five years unless the certificate is marked “permanent.” Remember, no medical bills are required—just the valid certificate and, for 80DD, proof of any insurance or rehabilitation scheme contributions.

11. Claim Interest on Savings Account (80TTA/80TTB)

Interest from your savings bank account looks small, but tax rules let you shelter a chunk pain-free.

Limits & Eligibility

Under 80TTA, non-senior individuals or HUFs can deduct savings interest up to ₹10,000 a year. Seniors (60+) claim up to ₹50,000 under 80TTB.

Tracking & Reporting

Banks deduct TDS only on FDs, so savings-interest often goes untaxed. Pull figures from AIS/26AS and add to “Income from Other Sources” before claiming the deduction.

Practical Tip

Use sweep-in FDs to keep interest low, move excess cash into liquid funds.

12. Invest in Tax-Free Bonds & Sovereign Gold Bonds

Want a set-and-forget way to trim tax without touching Section 80C? Listed tax-free PSU bonds and Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGBs) do the job while adding stability to your portfolio.

How the Tax Benefit Works

Tax-free bonds issued by government entities (NHAI, PFC, IRFC) pay a fixed coupon—often 5.8 – 6.3 %—and the interest is fully exempt under Section 10(15)(iv)(h).
SGBs give a 2.5 % taxable coupon, but any capital gain when the RBI redeems them after eight years is completely tax-free for individuals, per the 2025 amendment.

Who Should Consider

Investors in the 20 %–30 % slab looking for predictable post-tax income.
Retirees wanting sovereign safety without the TDS paperwork of FDs.
Gold believers who prefer electronic gold over jewellery or ETFs.

Example Yield vs. Post-Tax FD Comparison

Instrument	Coupon / Rate	30 % Slab After-Tax	20 %	10 %
Tax-Free Bond	6.0 %	6.0 %	6.0 %	6.0 %
Bank FD	6.5 %	4.55 %	5.20 %	5.85 %
SGB (coupon only)	2.5 %	1.75 %	2.00 %	2.25 %
SGB (coupon + est. 5 % p.a. gold gain)	~7.5 %	~6.75 %	~7.0 %	~7.25 %

Smart-tip: Buy tax-free bonds during market dips to lock in a higher yield, and hold SGBs till maturity to enjoy the capital-gains exemption.

13. Capitalize on Section 54 & 54F Capital Gains Exemptions

Selling property or equities can trigger a fat long-term capital-gains bill, but Sections 54 and 54F provide a perfectly legal escape hatch—and are often overlooked when people ask how to save income tax.

Exemption on Sale of Residential Property (54)

If you sell a residential house held > 24 months, reinvest the capital gain (not the full price) in one new residential unit:

Buy within 1 year before or 2 years after the sale, or construct within 3 years.
Since Budget 2025, there’s no monetary ceiling; invest any surplus voluntarily.
If you sell the new house within 3 years, the earlier exemption gets reversed.

54F for Other Assets

For long-term gains from land, gold, shares, etc., Section 54F wipes out tax if you reinvest the entire sale proceeds in one residential house under the same timelines. Partial reinvestment gives proportionate relief, and you cannot own more than one other house on the transfer date.

Capital Gains Account Scheme (CGAS)

Unsure which flat to buy? Park funds in a CGAS deposit before the ITR due date or 6 months after transfer, whichever is earlier. Withdraw only for the property; unutilised balance after 3 years converts back to taxable capital gains.

14. Take Advantage of Leave Travel Allowance (LTA)

Leave Travel Allowance is one of the easiest answers to how to save income tax without investing a rupee. Structure your vacation right and the airfare you reimburse through payroll becomes completely tax-exempt.

What Counts as Eligible Travel

Only domestic trips for you, spouse, kids (two children rule), and dependent parents apply. Exemption is capped at the actual economy air fare (or AC–I rail fare where flight isn’t available) for the shortest route between origin and destination.

Claim Cycles & Block Years

You can claim LTA twice in every four-year block; the current block is 2022-2025. Skip a journey? Carry one credit to the first year of the next block and still stay within the rules.

Proofs & Common Mistakes

Submit boarding passes or e-tickets with GST invoices; package-tour hotel bills don’t count. Avoid claiming international legs or taxi fares—the assessing officer can disallow the entire exemption if non-eligible costs are bundled.

15. Opt for Voluntary Provident Fund (VPF) Contributions

If your company already deducts the mandatory 12 % EPF, you can voluntarily top-up the same account through VPF. Because the money never hits your take-home salary, it’s a friction-free way to grow retirement savings and trim the yearly tax tab without opening a new product.

How VPF Works

You may contribute any amount up to 100 % of basic + DA.
Payroll credits it straight into your EPF account each month; the EPFO declares one uniform interest rate (8.1 % for FY 2024-25).
Withdrawals follow normal EPF rules—tax-free after 5 continuous years of service.

Triple-E Tax Treatment

Deduction under Section 80C (within the ₹1.5 lakh basket).
Interest is exempt, provided total employee deposits across EPF/VPF don’t exceed ₹2.5 lakh in the year.
Maturity amount is 100 % tax-free—no TDS, no capital-gains math.

Salary Structuring Example

Move ₹15,000/month from a taxable performance bonus to VPF:
₹1,80,000 × 30 % slab = ₹54,000 tax saved this year, while the corpus compounds at 8 %+. Your in-hand drops slightly today, but you pocket an extra ~₹38 lakh at retirement (30 years horizon, interest reinvested), all shielded from future tax hikes.

16. Utilize 80GGC & 80GGB Political Donation Deductions

If you feel strongly about politics, let the tax code reward your conviction.

Section 80GGC: Any individual or HUF can deduct 100 % of donations to registered political parties or electoral trusts.
Section 80GGB: The same benefit applies to companies.

Pay only by cheque, UPI, net-banking, or electoral bonds—cash is disallowed. Turning a ₹25,000 contribution into a tax deduction chops ₹7,800 off your bill at the 31.2 % slab while supporting democracy in one stroke.

17. Harvest Tax Losses in Equity & Mutual Fund Portfolio

Even seasoned investors carry a few red-ink positions. Squaring off these losers before 31 March and using the losses to neutralise taxable gains is a fast, paperwork-light answer to how to save income tax on capital-market profits.

What Is Tax-Loss Harvesting?

You deliberately sell loss-making stocks or mutual funds and realise the loss; this realised loss is then set off against realised gains in the same year, shrinking the net amount on which tax is computed.

Set-Off & Carry-Forward Rules

Short-term capital loss (STCL) can offset STCG and LTCG.
Long-term capital loss (LTCL) can offset only LTCG.
Unutilised losses stay alive for eight assessment years; file the return on time to keep the carry-forward privilege.

Execution Timeline

Complete the sale on or before 31 March 2026, then wait at least 30 days to repurchase the same security to dodge wash-sale scrutiny. Maintain contract notes and AMC statements as proof when the assessing officer comes knocking.

18. Keep Taxable Income Below Rebate Threshold (Section 87A)

Section 87A is the finishing move in a salaried person’s “how to save income tax” toolkit—trim taxable income to the magic number and the whole calculated tax is wiped out by the rebate. The trick works in both regimes, so it should always be the last box you tick after claiming every other deduction or exemption.

Current Rebate Limits

Old regime: taxable income ≤ ₹5 lakh ⇒ rebate equals full tax payable (up to ₹12,500).
New regime: taxable income ≤ ₹7 lakh ⇒ rebate equals full tax payable (up to ₹25,000).

Techniques to Dip Below the Line

Channel bonuses into NPS (80CCD 1B) or employer NPS (80CCD 2).
Switch part of special allowance to HRA or reimbursements.
Prepay home-loan interest in March to maximise Section 24(b).
Top up health cover for an extra 80D deduction.
Auto-sweep spare cash into ELSS before 31 March.

Illustration: Paying Zero Tax on ₹7 Lakh Salary

New regime slabs

Gross salary 7,00,000 – Standard deduction 50,000 = Taxable income 6,50,000 Tax on 6.5 L = 25,000 – Rebate under 87A 25,000 = Tax payable 0

A couple of hundred rupees in additional 80C investments would even let a ₹7.2 lakh earner achieve the same zero-tax result.

Key Takeaways for Your 2025-26 Tax Plan

Fine-tuning your taxes isn’t about one silver bullet—it’s the compound effect of many small, fully legal moves:

Pick the regime that costs you less after tallying all deductions and exemptions.
Ring-fence ₹2 lakh right away (₹1.5 lakh 80C + ₹50k NPS-1B)—that single decision can slash up to ₹62,400 in tax for a 30 %-slab earner.
Let employer money work: HRA optimisation and NPS 80CCD(2) shrink taxable salary without denting CTC.
Stack “above-the-line” breaks—home-loan interest, 80D health cover, education-loan interest—to push income under the 87A rebate limits (₹5 lakh old, ₹7 lakh new).
Time capital-gains reinvestment (54/54F) and loss-harvesting before 31 March to avoid nasty surprises at filing time.

Put these together and even eight-digit earners can legally file a nil-tax return. Want help crunching the numbers and scheduling every step? Give our AI tools a whirl at Invsify—smart, conflict-free advice, 24/7.